Abstract: The effect of urbanization process on vegetation coverage was analyzed by using SPOT VEG NDVI and DMSP/OLS data in the Chengdu region from 1998 to 2013.The results show that:the urbanization in Chengdu experienced a continuing and rapid process, but the degree of development of each region has a big difference.From 1998 to 2013, the overall coverage of vegetation in Chengdu was good, and the vegetation coverage and the night lights brightness values were significantly negative correlated, the correlation coefficient is above 0.78.The more intense urban activities, the smaller the vegetation coverage is, that is, in the center of the city, the vegetation coverage has the smallest value, the farther the distance from the city center, the higher the vegetation coverage is.The change of the vegetation around the city where urbanization is developed fast is the largest.As a whole, the degree of vegetation coverage in the Chengdu region remains relatively stable and increase smoothly.