Abstract: Agrometeorological observation is the basis for agrometeorological service in China.At present, manual observation has been replaced by the use of advanced equipment and technologies, such as satellite remote sensing, unmanned aerial vehicles, near-surface cameras and machine learning.They have been applied in the automatic observation of crop growth, soil moisture and agricultural microclimate.These improvements have increased the observation coverage and frequency from both spatial and temporal dimensions, and have effectively supported the development of modern agriculture.This paper analyzes the development process, current situation and existing problems of agrometeorological automatic observation in China, and investigates the future directions and challenges.In addition, suggestions on the construction of smart agrometeorological observation network and the establishment of satellite-space-ground cooperative observation system are proposed so as to provide references for the development of agrometeorological automatic observation in China.