Abstract: Based on the precipitation data from the World Centennial Meteorological Station in Wuhu, daily precipitation data in 2020 and the precipitation data in 1931 provided by Anhui Meteorological Archives, differences of abnormal rainfall between the summers in 1931 and 2020 were compared.Results showed the differences of the precipitation intensity and heavy rain periods were significant.Precipitation in 1931 was concentrated in July while precipitation was mainly in June and July 2020.Compared to 1931, the year 2020 witnessed not only greater amount but also longer period of heavy rainfall. Heavy rain periods were highly consistent in the whole Yangtze River Basin in Anhui both in 1931 and in 2020, so flood peak in upper and lower reaches were overlapping, resulting in rapid rising of water level in the Yangtze River.There was strong cold high over Okhotsk Sea in July 1931 and June 2020, which could transport cold air to East China.Meanwhile the low pressure trough over Anhui-Japan was favorable for the warm air and cold air to converge over the Yangtze River Basin in Anhui, bringing persistent precipitation over an extensive area.The cold air came from Hetao Region and Northeast China in July 2020 and the subtropical high was stronger and further south than usual, leading to a stable Mei-yu front over the Yangtze River Basin in Anhui.Although flood disaster in 2020 was severer, casualties were greatly reduced.The great victory of flood rescue fully demonstrated the superiority of the socialist system.