Abstract: The detection of atmospheric vertical structure is an important component of comprehensive meteorological observation and the core of weather forecasting and numerical forecasting. This article discusses the development of the vertical observation technology for ground-based remote sensing and the current status of station network construction at home and abroad. It analyzes equipment calibration, quality control, collaborative observation technology and the development of new vertical products, as well as the application of the new vertical products in weather monitoring and forecasting research. The difficulties and prospects for the establishment of new operational vertical observation of ground-based remote sensing are discussed.