青海省公路沿线积雪信息的遥感提取与分布特征分析

Remote Sensing Extraction and Distribution Analysis of Snow Information Along Highways in Qinghai Province

  • 摘要: 利用MODIS积雪信息遥感监测资料,基于公路沿线积雪信息空间提取及积雪专题图形自动制作等技术,有效解决公路沿线积雪监测气象站稀缺问题,实现青海省,尤其是公路沿线的积雪信息监测并开展精细化气象服务。结果表明:1)采用MODIS积雪信息遥感监测资料获取青海省2005—2020年积雪季的积雪面积、积雪日数和积雪深度数据,经地面观测数据检验证实,其与地面实际积雪状况较为吻合;2)青海省2005—2020年积雪季遥感监测积雪面积、积雪日数和积雪深度整体呈增加趋势,但空间上存在差异,玉树、果洛和海北等高海拔地区积雪大量分布;3)格尔木—唐古拉(G109)、玛多—称多(G214)、大通—门源—祁连(G227)、肃黄线祁连—天峻(S207)和花上线玛多—玛沁—甘德(S205)等路段均位于青海省高海拔且降雪丰富区,道路积雪相对严重。

     

    Abstract: Using snow cover information from MODIS monitoring, and based on key technologies such as spatial extraction of snow cover information along highways and automatic production of snow graphics, the issue of scarcely distributed meteorological stations for snow monitoring along highways can be effectively solved. This enables snow cover information monitoring in Qinghai Province, especially along highways, and allows for refined meteorological services. The results show that: 1) Using snow cover information from MODIS monitoring, the snow cover area, snow cover days and snow depth during the snow season in Qinghai Province from 2005 to 2020 are obtained. The data are verified by ground-based observations and found to be in good agreement with the observed snow conditions; 2) During the snow season from 2005 to 2020, the snow cover area, snow cover days, and snow depth in Qinghai Province detected by remote sensing showed an generally increasing trend. However, spatial differences were also identified. The high-altitude areas such as Yushu, Guoluo, and Haibei experienced a wide distribution of snow; 3) The sections of Golmud-Tanggula (G109), Maduo-Chengduo (G214), Datong-Menyuan-Qilian (G227), Qilian-Tianjun of Su-Huang Line (S207), and Maduo-Maqin-Gande of Hua-Shang Line (S205) are all located in high-altitude areas of Qinghai Province with abundant snowfall. Therefore the snow cover conditions along these highways were relatively severe.

     

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