Analysis of the Relationship Between Influenza and Meteorological Conditions in Ningxia

Based on the influenza-like illness (ILI) data and the meteorological data from 2005 to 2021, this paper analyzes the epidemic characteristics of influenza in Ningxia in recent 17 years, discusses the relationship between its incidence rate and meteorological conditions on a monthly scale, and preliminarily reveals the climatic characteristics of high-incidence years.The results show that the average annual incidence of influenza in Ningxia is 0.20‰, and the high-incidence periods are winter and spring, with the lowest incidence in summer.The monthly incidence of influenza is closely related to the meteorological factors of the previous month, and the temperature, air pressure, wind speed and sunshine duration are the key meteorological factors affecting the ILI.Based on GAM model, it is found that the influence of the interaction of meteorological factors on the number of ILI cases reflects the fact that the variation of the number of ILI cases is affected by multiple meteorological factors.Combined with visual graphic analysis, the study further shows that temperature is the dominant meteorological factor affecting the incidence of influenza.The frequent intrusion of cold air in Ningxia in the year after La Nina event makes the year prone to high frequency of influenza.This conclusion can provide a reference for the prediction of influenza risk.